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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

我是新时代的兵|为导弹“筑巢”的工程兵******

　　解说：沙子呷：我是沙子呷，“筑巢”是我们新时代导弹工程兵的神圣使命，在我20年的军旅人生中“掘进”就是关键词。“我们虽然不上发射场，不能亲手送导弹飞天，但每一次掘进，都是为火箭军夯实战斗力基石，同样是在托举大国长剑腾飞。”

　　构筑‘藏得住、打不着、抗得了、摧不毁’的导弹阵地，按时交出优质工程，是我们导弹工程兵担负国防工程建设的重要任务。我们长年奋战在大山深处，跋山涉水，穿岩凿壁，在地下建设导弹家园。因此，我们也被誉为“为导弹筑巢的人”。

　　入伍20余年来，我和我的部队，遇到过无数艰难险阻，但每一次都被我们化险为夷。

　　有一次，作业面已经完成爆破，我们回到施工现场。忽然我听到山体传出滴水声，感觉情况不妙，连忙大喊，快撤。这时，只见作业面拱顶上方出现一道裂缝，细沙碎石开始往下掉落。刚下连的新兵刘晓波第一次遇到这种情形，被吓蒙了。我赶紧快步上前，一把抱上他就往外跑。结果，我刚带着官兵撤到安全地带，就听到一声巨响，作业面被塌方埋得严严实实。

　　还有一次，一处阵地施工遇到罕见的不良地质，塌方断面形成大窟窿，像是张开了的“老虎口”挡在前面。我立刻带领党员突击队，爬上高空作业架，一边研究处理方案，一边和官兵一起抢险，我们硬是凭借着钢铁般的意志，连续鏖战3个昼夜，成功降服塌方。

　　当然，“铁”，只是我们导弹工程兵的基本素质，除此之外，我们还是新时代的匠人，更据有创新精神。如今，新装备、新技术、新工艺、新材料等蕴含的科技神力，在岩层深处裂变出巨大效能，为建设优质高效的国防工程提供了强大的技术支撑。导弹工程兵已实现了施工主体由传统工兵向科技工兵、作业模式由人力密集型向科技技能型、指挥手段由单向指令向信息集成的根本转变。

　　同时，大批优秀的科研人才正在不断加入我们的队伍，“95后”战士已经慢慢成为施工中的主体力量。我们作为新时代的导弹工程兵，扎根深山，沐浴党恩，一路成长。在强军兴军的伟大征程中，我们有坚如磐石的信念，一定会把一项项国防精品工程留在祖国版图上。

　　科学顾问：费伯禹

　　制片顾问：范文军

　　编 导：金 赫

　　动 画：卞文斌

　　鸣 谢：北京市人民政府征兵办公室

　　出 品：中国科协科普部 光明网

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）